{"id":14453,"date":"2023-07-10T23:53:43","date_gmt":"2023-07-10T23:53:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/careerinlaw.net\/uk\/?p=14453"},"modified":"2023-11-23T09:46:38","modified_gmt":"2023-11-23T14:46:38","slug":"case-summary-r-v-gullefer-1990-1-wlr-1063","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/careerinlaw.net\/uk\/case-summary-r-v-gullefer-1990-1-wlr-1063","title":{"rendered":"Case Summary: R v Gullefer [1990] 1 WLR 1063"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-legal-principles-and-key-points\"><strong>Legal Principles and Key Points<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In the case of R v Gullefer [1990] 1 WLR 1063, the central issue was whether D had moved from preparing a theft to actually committing the offence \u2013 the former was adjudicated to have had occurred only<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Facts of the Case<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This case involved D\u2019s appeal against his conviction from 26 February 1986 for breaching s.1(1) of the Criminal Attempts Act 1981 due to attempting theft worth \u00a318 which he had bet on with a bookmaker<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D committed this theft in an interesting way: the whole situation originated from D\u2019s backing of a greyhound as the winner of a race; after the start of the race, D realised his chosen dog would not win, after which he went on the track to sabotage the race by waving his arms to distract the dogs so that the stewards would declare \u2018no race\u2019; D assumed that the bookmakers would return his stake, but the bookmakers were also not going to pay the successful bidders in the race<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The theft itself was about trying to reclaim his own bet<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D was sentenced to six months\u2019 imprisonment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Issues in R v Gullefer [1990] 1 WLR 1063<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The main ground of D\u2019s appeal was that his conduct was not \u2018sufficiently proximate to the completed offence of theft to be capable of comprising an attempt to commit theft\u2019 (as he had explained before the police<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The main issue before the judge was to adjudicate whether there was sufficient evidence to support the argument that D had gone beyond the mere preparation of the offence to the actual commission of the crime; this was important as the judge was set to give directions for the jury to deliberate on<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>As part of his appeal, D also argued that there was no \u2018property belonging to another\u2019 as under the Theft Act 1968, as well as there was no appropriation of such property to contravene the law in a literal sense<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Held by the Court of Appeal (Criminal Division)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Appeal allowed \u2013 D\u2019s conviction was quashed, i.e. he was not guilty of attempted theft<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It could not be ruled that D was in the stage of committing theft after jumping on the race track<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u2019s conduct involved only the mere preparation of the offence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jumping on the tracks constituted the mere preparation of theft and not actual theft<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Lord Lane CJ<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lord Lane CJ reported the panel\u2019s consideration of the distinction between the preparation and the execution of the offence<\/p><div id=\"caree-3815757004\" class=\"caree-within-the-content caree-entity-placement\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/careerinlaw.net\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/10\/MRF-169650-in-article-336x280-1.png\" alt=\"\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/careerinlaw.net\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/10\/MRF-169650-in-article-336x280-1.png 448w, https:\/\/careerinlaw.net\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/10\/MRF-169650-in-article-336x280-1-300x250.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 448px) 100vw, 448px\" width=\"448\" height=\"373\"  style=\"display: inline-block;\" \/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u2018It seems to us that the words of the Act of 1981 seek to steer a midway course. They do not provide, as they might have done, that the&nbsp;<em>Reg. v. Eagleton<\/em>&nbsp;test is to be followed, or that, as Lord Diplock suggested, the defendant must have reached a point from which it was impossible for him to retreat before the actus reus of an attempt is proved. On the other hand the words give perhaps as clear a guidance as is possible in the circumstances on the point of time at which&nbsp;<em>Stephen&#8217;s&nbsp;<\/em>\u201cseries of acts\u201d begin. It begins when the merely preparatory acts come to an end and the defendant embarks upon the crime proper. When that is will depend of course upon the facts in any particular case.\u2019 [at p.1066]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Legal Principles and Key Points Facts of the Case Issues in R v Gullefer [1990] 1 WLR 1063 Held by the Court of Appeal (Criminal Division) Lord Lane CJ Lord Lane CJ reported the panel\u2019s consideration of the distinction between the preparation and the execution of the offence<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":13103,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-14453","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-case-summaries","8":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.4 (Yoast SEO v27.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Case Summary: R v Gullefer [1990] 1 WLR 1063 | Careerinlaw.net | UK<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In the case of R v Gullefer [1990] 1 WLR 1063, the 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